Down syndrome and autism spectrum disorder are distinct conditions that can co-occur. Understanding their differences helps families and professionals provide appropriate support when either or both are present.

Key Differences

• Cause: Down syndrome results from an extra copy of chromosome 21. Autism involves complex polygenic factors.
• Identification: Down syndrome is identified through genetic testing, often prenatally. Autism is diagnosed through behavioral observation.
• Physical features: Down syndrome has associated physical characteristics. Autism does not.
• Social interaction: Individuals with Down syndrome are typically socially motivated. Autistic individuals may find social interaction challenging.

When They Co-Occur

Approximately 16-18% of individuals with Down syndrome also meet criteria for autism. When both conditions are present, autism is often diagnosed later because behaviors may be attributed solely to Down syndrome.

Treatment Approaches

Individuals with both conditions benefit from therapies that address each condition s specific needs. ABA therapy is effective for the autism component, while speech therapy, occupational therapy, and physical therapy may address other needs.

Contact Treetop ABA Therapy to discuss individualized treatment options.